Sole Trader vs Company

Compare the tax on your business profit as a sole trader versus a company, plus the pros and cons of each.

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Sole Trader vs Company

Compare the tax on your business profit, FY2025–26

$
Profit = income minus business expenses, before you pay yourself.
Small companies with turnover under $50m and mostly active income use the 25% base rate.
Result
$0
Sole trader
Tax + Medicare
After tax
Effective rate
Company
Company tax
Retained after tax
Tax rate
Important: a company is a separate taxpayer. Profit kept in the company is taxed at the company rate, but when you take it out as wages or dividends it is taxed again in your hands (with franking credits for the company tax already paid). So the company figure is not a true saving for money you need to live on — it mainly helps when profit is reinvested.

Simplified comparison using ATO FY2025–26 individual rates, LITO and the 2% Medicare levy versus the company tax rate. Ignores super, deductions, payroll tax, accounting costs and dividend/franking effects. Not tax advice — speak to a registered tax agent.

Sole trader or company — which is right for you?

This is one of the first big decisions when starting out. A sole trader is the simplest and cheapest structure: you and the business are the same legal entity, and business profit is taxed at your personal marginal rates. A company is a separate legal entity that pays a flat tax rate and limits your personal liability, but costs more to set up and run.

Sole trader — pros and cons

  • Pros: cheap and fast to set up, simple tax (one tax return), full control, easy to wind up.
  • Cons: unlimited personal liability, profit taxed at marginal rates up to 45%, harder to bring in investors, your name is the business.

Company — pros and cons

  • Pros: limited liability, flat 25–30% tax rate, easier to retain and reinvest profit, more credible to some clients, easier to sell or raise capital.
  • Cons: setup and annual ASIC fees, more paperwork, separate company tax return, director duties, and profit you draw out is taxed again personally.

A rule of thumb

Many people start as a sole trader for simplicity and switch to a company once profits are consistently high, they need liability protection, or they want to reinvest earnings. The right answer depends on your income, risk and growth plans — and is worth a conversation with an accountant. Official guidance: business.gov.au business structures.

Frequently asked questions

Is a sole trader or company better for tax?

It depends on your profit. At lower profits a sole trader often pays less because of the tax-free threshold and lower marginal rates. At higher profits the flat 25% company rate can be lower — but money you draw out of a company is taxed again personally.

Can I switch from sole trader to company later?

Yes. Many people start as a sole trader for simplicity and move to a company once profits grow, they need liability protection, or they want to reinvest earnings. An accountant can help you transition.

What does a company cost to run?

A company has ASIC registration and annual review fees, more paperwork, and usually higher accounting costs than a sole trader. Weigh these against the benefits of limited liability and tax flexibility.

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